The Norwegian railway network has used two types of train radio, Scanet and GSM-R. A train radio is a mobile telecommunications network that allows a train driver, maintenance crews and other rail transport officials to communicate with a dispatcher or each other. Scanet was an analog radio system installed on the main lines, limited to electrified lines with automatic train protection, between 1995 and 1999.[1] The implementation left out many lines, which were instead covered by Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT 450) network.[2]

The lack of a train radio on the Røros Line was a contributing factor to the Åsta accident. This spurred the demand for full coverage.[3] At the same time, the European Union required new systems to use the GSM-R standard, which will be implemented throughout Europe. GSM-R was rolled out between 2004 and 2007 and covers almost the entire network. It was also built to have 100% coverage in all tunnels, which was not achieved with Scanet. GSM-R was first rolled out on lines without Scanet, and then replaced the older system right-out.[4] Both Scanet and GSM-R consist of mobile station in the trains, base stations along the track, and a core network connected to the central traffic control centers.[1] The implementation of GSM-R cost 1.8 billion Norwegian krone.[5]

List

The following is a list of all railway lines with train radio. It includes the date of opening of the train radio, including the affected section, and the standard used. Freight-only lines are excluded from the list, even if they may have had Scanet or have GSM-R.[6][7]

DateLineSectionSystem
7 May 1995SørlandetDrammen–HokksundScanet
7 May 1995RandsfjordenHokksund–HønefossScanet
17 December 1996SørlandetSira–StavangerScanet
7 May 1997DrammenOslo S – DrammenScanet
7 May 1997BergenHønefoss–BergenScanet
16 May 1997SørlandetHokksund–KristiansandScanet
17 December 1997SørlandetKristiansand–StavangerScanet
9 July 1998GjøvikOslo S – RoaScanet
9 July 1998Roa–HønefossRoa–HønefossScanet
9 July 1998ØstfoldOslo S – KornsjøScanet
9 July 1998TrunkLillestrøm–EidsvollScanet
9 July 1998DovreEidsvoll–TrondheimScanet
9 July 1998KongsvingerLillestrøm–MagnorScanet
9 July 1998VestfoldDrammen–PorsgrunnScanet
9 July 1998BratsbergNordagutu–PorsgrunnScanet
8 October 1998GardermoenLillestrøm–EidsvollScanet
22 August 1999GardermoenOslo S – LillestrømScanet
15 May 2004NordlandRognan–BodøGSM-R
1 December 2004NordlandTrondheim S – RognanGSM-R
1 December 2004MeråkerHell–StorlienGSM-R
1 December 2004Stavne–LeangenStavne–LeangenGSM-R
1 December 2004RørosHamar–StørenGSM-R
1 December 2004DovreDombås – Trondheim SGSM-R
1 May 2005FlåmMyrdal–FlåmGSM-R
1 November 2005GjøvikRoa–GjøvikGSM-R
1 November 2005Eastern ØstfoldSki–SarpsborgGSM-R
2 January 2007ØstfoldOslo S – KornsjøGSM-R
2 January 2007GardermoenOslo S – EidsvollGSM-R
2 January 2007TrunkOslo S – EidsvollGSM-R
2 January 2007KongsvingerLillestrøm–CharlottenbergGSM-R
2 January 2007DovreEidsvoll–DombåsGSM-R
2 January 2007GjøvikOslo S – RoaGSM-R
2 January 2007DrammenOslo S – DrammenGSM-R
2 January 2007AskerSandvika–AskerGSM-R
2 January 2007SpikkestadAsker–SpikkestadGSM-R
2 January 2007SørlandetDrammen–StavangerGSM-R
2 January 2007RandsfjordenDrammen–HønefossGSM-R
2 January 2007BergenHønefoss–BergenGSM-R
2 January 2007Roa–HønefossRoa–HønefossGSM-R
2 January 2007VestfoldDrammen–PorsgrunnGSM-R
2 January 2007BratsbergNordagutu–PorsgrunnGSM-R

References

  1. 1 2 Solberg, Bjørn Olav (1994). "Train radio system for Norwegian State Railways" (PDF). Telektronikk. Telenor (4): 73–81. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  2. ↑ Melsom, Jens (10 January 2002). "Kommentarer til høring– Fremtidig bruk at NMT-450 frekvensbåndene" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  3. ↑ Enghaug, Paul (11 February 2002). "NSBs nye togradio holder bare fem år". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 11.
  4. ↑ "Høring – Endring av togframføringsforskriften og signalforskriften bl.a. som følge av innføring av GSM-R som togradio mv" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Railway Inspectorate. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 24 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  5. ↑ "GSM-R tatt i bruk som togradio". Computer Weekly. 1 November 2007. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  6. ↑ "Railway Statistics 2004" (PDF). Norwegian National Rail Administration. 2005. p. 40. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
  7. ↑ Norwegian National Rail Administration (2009). "Railway Statistics 2008" (PDF). p. 42. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
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